如何打造沒有恐懼的學習環境
■ 平等、尊重
我們當然不希望學生（甚至大人）在我們學校感受到恐懼，不知怎地，他們沒有這樣的情緒。學生學會將大人視為不具特別權力的平等個體，大人可能會被學生惹毛，那又怎樣呢？學生也會被大人惹毛。
大人沒有特別的權力，這讓恐懼不存在。學生直呼我們的名字，他們很快就知道沒什麼好怕的。
我們沒有人在創辦學校時想著恐懼，或對以恐懼為基礎的關係有絲毫興趣——這會自動建立階級制度，而它從未發生。他們是一群以信任、尊重對待彼此與小孩的人。
來自老師的羞辱，是一種惡劣且有效讓人害怕的方式。我們這裡沒有老師，只有一些年紀比較大、和年紀比較輕的人。每個人都以平等、與眾不同的個體被尊重著，因此在我們學校沒有羞辱人的理由。
在這裡你不會預期每個人都跟你做一樣的事，所以大部分會讓人們感到害怕的因素消失了。
■ 同伴司法制度
在這裡人們並不真的害怕被懲罰；當學生發現是由一群學生處理被提交到法庭的問題——由同儕來解決這些問題——而同學們只是希望那人在惹麻煩、或做出讓別人生氣的行為後，能夠做出改變。
他們並不想要懲罰那個人，他們只是希望他改變行為。有時會有象徵性的「判刑」——我們這樣稱呼。那不是真的懲罰，我們從不用懲罰這個詞。
「判刑」取自美國法院系統會用的詞彙，比如短時間內對於特定區域的禁制：你可能會因為把某個地方搞得很髒亂，而被禁止使用那個地方一整天。但多數判決只是警告而已，有點像在說「請不要再這麼做」，警告大概前一、兩次都有效吧。
（未完待續）
Fear of course is an emotion we don’t want students (or even adults) to feel in our schools. Somehow they don’t. Students learn to see the adults as equals. They may get annoyed with the students but so what? Students get annoyed with them too.
The adults have no particular power. That helps to make the fear not existent. They call us by our first names. They quickly realize there is nothing and no one to be afraid of.
No one starting the school was thinking about fear, or even interested in fear-based relationships, which automatically creates a hierarchy, and it never happened. They were people who treated each other and every child with trust and respect.
Humiliation by teachers is a nasty and effective way to make people afraid. We don’t really have teachers. We just have some people that are older and some people that are younger. And there’s no reason to humiliate anyone in our school. And because everyone is treated with respect and respected as an equal and a different person.
It’s not like you expect everyone to be doing the same thing you’re doing. So most of the things that people might be afraid of are gone.
There is no real fear of punishment. Once a student realizes that it’s a group of students that take care of any problem that comes up to a JC and there are peers to take care of the problems. The peers want the behavior to have a change if it is a student causing a problem or he is doing something that is annoying to others.
But they don’t want people to be punished. They just want the behavior to change. There are sometimes "token sentences” which is what we call it. They are not really punishments. But we never use that word.
We use sentences which is what the court system in America uses. Like restriction from an area for a short time. So you might be littering a lot and somebody keeps you out of that room for a day because of that. But the most common sentence is a warning. It’s sort of like “please don’t do that anymore.” And it usually works the first or second time.
(To be continued)
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